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Title: Catalogue of British Columbia Birds

Author: Francis Kermode

Release date: August 1, 2004 [eBook #6329]

Most recently updated: December 29, 2020

Language: English

Credits: Produced by Karen Fabrizius, David Starner and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CATALOGUE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA BIRDS ***

Produced by Karen Fabrizius, David Starner

and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team

Catalogue of British Columbia Birds.

PROVINCIAL MUSEUM, VICTORIA B. C.

PREFACE.

The present list is intended to include all birds which have been so far proven to occur in British Columbia.

I am fully aware of its incompleteness, and very much regret much of its lack of more definite information regarding the distribution of certain species, and with regard to that portion of the Province in north and northeastern interior, which, I have no doubt, is a valuable field for work.

Since the publication of the list of British Columbia birds in 1898 by the late John Fannin, which contained 339 species and sub-species, and with the information to hand, enables me to add to this 24.

I wish to extend my thanks especially to the following constant observers for more or less extended local lists, notes and specimens:—A. C. Brooks, Chilliwhack, Okanagan and Cariboo; Rev. J. H. Keen, Queen Charlotte Islands and Metlakatla; Thos. Kermode, William Head Quarantine Station; E. P. Venables, Yernon; Chas. de Blois Green, Fairview and Keremeos.

I have also obtained valuable information from the check-list published by the late John Fannin.

FRANCIS KERMODE,

Curator Provincial Museum.

Victoria, B. C., August, 1904.

Order PYGOPODES. Diving birds.

Family PODICIPEDIDÆ. Grebes.

ÆCHMOPHORUS Coues.

1. Western Grebe.

Æchmophorus occidentalis (Lawr.).

A common winter resident along the coast of Vancouver Island and

Mainland. Mr. Brooks says a few remain all winter at Okanagan Lake.

COLYMBUS Linnæus.

2. American Red-necked Grebe. "Holboell's Grebe."

Colymbus holboelli (Reinh.).

A common winter resident along the coast of Vancouver Island and

Mainland. Winter resident on Okanagan Lake. (Brooks.) Not common at

Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.) Breeds on many of the lakes along the

Cariboo Road above Clinton. (Fannin.)

3. Horned Grebe.

Colymbus auritus (Linn.).

A common winter resident on the coast, and very common in the straits

near Victoria, in April. Brooks reports it at Okanagan Lake all winter.

Breeds on the lakes from Okanagan to Dense Lake. (Fannin.) Rare at

Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

4. American Eared Grebe.

Colymbus nigricollis californicus (Heerm.).

Taken at Kamloops, June, 1889. (Spreadborough.) Found breeding on lakes at Kamloops; Catalogue of Canadian Birds. (Macoun.)

PODILYMBUS Lesson.

5. Pied-billed Grebe.

Podilymbus podiceps (Linn.).

Common resident on Vancouver Island; it breeds on lakes close to Victoria. Common resident on Island and Mainland; breeds throughout its range. (Fannin.)

Family GAVIIDÆ Loons.

GAVIA Forster.

6. Great Northern Diver. Loon.

Gavia imber (Gunn.).

Common resident throughout the Province; breeds on Vancouver Island and Mainland.

7. Black-throated Loon.

Gavia arcticus (Linn.).

Taken at Burrard Inlet (Fannin), and at Dease Lake, Cassiar, by

James Porter.

8. Pacific Loon.

Gavia pacificus (Lawr.).

Not common; one specimen taken at Comox by W. B. Anderson, and at

Chilliwhack by Brooks; Victoria, May 13th, 1904, by Fred. Foster.

9. Red-throated Loon.

Gavia lumme (Gunn.).

I found this species quite common on Barkley Sound, V. I., April 19th, 1894, and fairly common near Esquimalt. Mr. Brooks reports it at Chilliwhack.

Family ALCIDÆ. Auks, Murres and Puffins.

LUNDA Pallas.

10. Tufted Puffin.

Lunda cirrhata (Pall.).

Common along the coast of Vancouver Island, Queen Charlotte Islands and Mainland; breeds on Bare Island, near Sidney, B. C.

FRATERCULA Brisson.

11. Horned Puffin.

Fratercula corniculata (Naum.).

Rare at Massett, Queen Charlotte Islands. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

CERORHINCA Bonaparte.

12. Rhinoceros Auklet.

Cerorhinca monocerata (Pall.).

Coasts of Vancouver Island and Mainland. Breeds on islands in Gulf of

Georgia.

PTYCHORAMPHUS Brandt.

13. Cassin's Auklet.

Ptychorampus aleuticus (Pall.).

The entire coast line of the Province and West Coast of Vancouver

Island. (Fannin.) This species was seen in the Gulf of

Georgia, between Salt Spring Island and Nanaimo, May 7th, 1887.

(Macoun.)

SYNTHLIBORAMPUS Brandt.

14. Ancient Murrelet.

Synthliborampus antiquus (Gmel.).

Not common. West Coast of Vancouver Island and taken in the Straits, near Victoria. Rev. J. H. Keen reports it rare on Queen Charlotte Islands.

BRACHYRAMPHUS Brandt.

15. Marbled Murrelet.

Brachyramphus marmoratus (Gmel.).

An abundant resident along the coast of British Columbia; have taken it at Skidegate, Queen Charlotte Islands, in August, 1895. Rare at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.) Breeds on Vancouver Island, and on some of the smaller islands in the Gulf of Georgia, and along many of the inlets of the Mainland. (Fannin.)

CEPPHUS Pallas.

16. Pigeon Guillemot.

Cepphus columba (Pall.).

An abundant resident along the coast from Race Rocks to Alaska, and quite common in Skidegate Inlet, Q. C. I., August, 1895. Breeds throughout its range.

URIA Brisson.

17. California Murre, Guillemot.

Uria troile californica (Bryant).

A resident along the coast of Vancouver Island and Mainland. Breeds on

West Coast of Vancouver Island.

Order LONGIPENNES. Long-winged Swimmers.

Family STERCORARIIDÆ. Skuas and Jaegers.

STERCORARIUS Brisson.

18. Pomarine Jaeger.

Stercorarius pomariuus (Temm.).

One specimen taken near Victoria, October 22nd, 1898.

19. Parasitic Jaeger.

Stercorarius parasiticus (Linn.).

One specimen taken at Victoria by Wm. L. Gilchrist, November, 1897. Another specimen was taken at Comox by A. C. Brooks, September 12th, 1903.

20. Long-tailed Jaeger.

Stercorarius longicaudus (Vieill.).

Once shot and several times seen at Sumas Lake, September, 1890. (Brooks).

Family LARIDÆ. The Gulls and Terns.

PAGOPHILA Kaup.

21. Ivory Gull. Snow Gull.

Pagophila alba (Gunn.).

One specimen shot at Dease Lake, Cassiar, by James Porter, September, 1889. Another specimen was shot at Okanagan Lake in November, 1897, by Mr. J. T. Studley, and presented to the Museum. Mr. A. C. Brooks also reports it from Okanagan.

RISSA Stephens.

22. Pacific Kittiwake.

Rissa tridactyla pollicaris (Ridgw.).

Taken near Discovery Island, January, 1896, by W. Lindley, and at

Queen Charlotte Islands by Dr. C. F. Newcombe, September, 1895.

LARUS Linnæus.

23. Glaucous-winged Gull.

Larus glaucesceus (Naum.).

An abundant resident on the coast; breeds on some of the islands in the Gulf of Georgia. Mr. Brooks reports it from Okanagan Lake.

24. Western Gull.

Larus occidentalis (Aud.).

An abundant resident on the coast during the winter months. Taken at Chilliwhack. (A. C. Brooks.) Breeds in Similkameen Valley. (Fannin.)

25. American Herring Gull.

Larus argentatus smithsonianus (Coues.).

An abundant resident on the coast. It breeds on the coast and in the interior of Mainland. Common at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.) Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks.)

26. California Gull.

Larus californicus (Lawr.).

A common winter resident on the coast. Common in the Lower Fraser

Valley and on the Okanagan Lake in winter. (Brooks.)

27. Ring-billed Gull.

Larus delawarensis (Ord.).

Common along the coast of Vancouver Island and Mainland. Common in winter at Okanagan Lake and Chilliwhack. (Brooks.) Breeds in the Interior, especially to the northward. (Fannin.)

28. Short-billed Gull.

Larus brachyrhynchus (Rich.).

Common winter resident along the coast of Vancouver Island and

Mainland. Common in Lower Fraser Valley. (Brooks.) During the

early part of May, 1891, I saw quite a number on the lakes of the

Cariboo District, where it probably breeds. (Fannin.)

29. Heermann's Gull. White-headed Gull.

Larus heermanni (Cass.).

Common along the southern coast of Vancouver Island during July and

August. Taken at William Head in full plumage, June 28th, 1904, by

Thos. Kermode.

30. Bonaparte's Gull.

Larus philadelphia (Ord.).

An abundant resident throughout the Province, and found in great numbers about the inlets and rivers in March and April; it breeds in the interior of the Province. I have also seen it on the coast in June and July.

XEMA Leach.

31. Sabine's Gull.

Xema sabinii (Sab.).

Taken at Okanagan Lake, September 9th, 1897. (Brooks.)

STERNA Linnæus.

32. Common Tern.

Sterna hirundo (Linn.).

One specimen shot at Cowichan Gap by R. D. McClure, September 15th, 1896, and presented to the Museum.

33. Arctic Tern.

Sterna paradisæa (Brunn.).

From Dease Lake south, through the interior of the Mainland to Okanagan Lake. Two specimens—one taken at Dease Lake by James Porter, and another shot at Okanagan Lake by A. C. Brooks, September, 1807.

HYDROCHELIDON Boie.

34. Black Tern.

Hydrochelidon nigra surinamensis (Gmel.).

Not common. I observed it at Okanagan, June, 1895. Taken at Sumas and Okanagan Lake by A. C. Brooks, Burrard Inlet, Eraser River and interior of Mainland. (Fannin.)

Order TUBINARES. Tube-nosed Swimmers.

Family DIOMEDEIDÆ. Albatrosses.

DIOMEDEA Linnæus.

35. Black-footed Albatross.

Diomedea nigripes (Aud.).

West Coast of Vancouver Island. (Fannin.) Rare at Queen

Charlotte Islands. (Rev. J. H. Keen.) One specimen taken near

Nanaimo, June 3th, 1904.

36. Short-tailed Albatross.

Diomedea albatrus (Pall.)

In April, 1894, I found this species quite common in the Pacific

Ocean, near Cape Beale.

Tolerably common on both coasts of Vancouver Island, but more abundant on the West Coast; a few have been taken in the straits off Victoria Harbour. (Fannin.)

Family PROCELLARIIDÆ. Fulmars & Shearwaters.

FULMARUS Stephens.

37. Pacific Fulmar.

Fulmarus glacialis glupischa (Stejn.).

One specimen taken at Chemainus, Vancouver Island, November, 1895. (Fannin.)

PUFFINUS Brisson.

38. Black-vented Shearwater.

Puffinus opisthomelas (Coues).

Not common; four specimens taken off Albert Head, October 24th, 1891.

39. Dark-bodied Shearwater.

Puffinus griseus (Gmel.).

During the fall of 1895 Dr. C. F. Newcombe found this species common on the West Coast of Queen Charlotte Islands. Since then one was picked up dead on the beach near Victoria.

40. Slender-billed Shearwater.

Puffinus tenuirostris (Temm.).

Not common; one specimen shot at William Head and presented to the

Museum by T. Kermode, February 23rd, 1904.

OCEANODROMA Reichenbach.

41. Gray Fork-tailed Petrel.

Oceanodroma furcata (Gmel.).

Found along both coasts of Vancouver Island, but more common on the

Pacific Coast; a few have been taken in the Straits near Victoria.

Very rare at Metlakatla; one picked up exhausted.

(Rev. J. H. Keen.)

42. Leach's Fork-tailed Petrel. White-rumped Petrel.

Oceanodroma leucorrhoa (Vieill.) Coues.

West Coast of Vancouver Island. Four specimens taken in Hecate Strait,

July, 1904. One specimen found dead on beach off Beacon Hill,

Victoria, November, 1893.

Order STEGANOPODES. Totipalmate Swimmers.

Family PHALACROCORACIDÆ. Cormorants.

PHALACROCORAX Brisson.

43. White-crested Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax dilophus cincinnatus (Brandt).

Common on both coasts of Vancouver Island and coast of Mainland, from

Race Rocks to Alaska.

44. Brandt's Cormorant. Pencilled Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax penicillatus (Brandt).

Two specimens were killed in the Straits, near Victoria, by D. E. Campbell, April 19th, 1897. Later in the month another specimen was found on the beach at Beacon Hill.

45. Violet-green Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax pelagicus robustus (Ridgw.).

This is the most abundant Cormorant in the Province, and is found

along both coasts of the Island, and has been taken as far north as

Port Simpson. Breeds on islands close to Sidney Island. Common at

Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

Family PELECANIDÆ. Pelicans.

PELECANUS Linnæus.

46. American White Pelican.

Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (Gmel.).

Not common. Four specimens taken—Sicamous, October, 1890; Alexandria Bridge, September, 1895; Tranquille, August, 1897; Comox, September 8th, 1900. Mr. Brooks reports it from Chilliwhack and Okanagan. Said to breed in the Chilcotin country. (Fannin.)

47. California Brown Pelican.

Pelecanus californicus (Ridgw.).

Not common. One specimen in the Museum killed at Race Rocks, January, 1897. Seen at Sumas Lake. (Brooks.)

Order ANSERES. Lamellirostral Swimmers.

Family ANATIDÆ. Mergansers, Ducks, Geese and Swans.

MERGANSER Brisson.

48. American Merganser.

Merganser americanus (Cass.).

Found throughout the Province, have taken it on West Coast of

Vancouver Island in May; also on Queen Charlotte Islands in July,

1895, I took four young birds. Brooks reports it found on Okanagan

Lake all winter.

49. Red-breasted Merganser.

Menganser serrator (Linn.).

Found distributed throughout the Province. I saw them at Sumas Lake

May 17th, 1904. Rev. J. H. Keen says common at Metlakahtla,

Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks.)

LOPHODYTES Reichenbach.

50. Hooded Merganser.

Lophodytes cucullatus (Linn.).

This species is common throughout the Province and on the Pacific

Coast. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

ANAS Linnæus.

51. Mallard.

Anas boschas (Linn.).

An abundant resident throughout the Province; breeds in suitable localities throughout its range.

CHAULELASMUS Bonaparte.

52. Gadwall. Gray Duck.

Chaulelasmus strepera (Linn.).

Not common; a few have been taken near Victoria. Mr. Brooks reports it from Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

MARECA Stephens.

53. European Widgeon.

Mareca penelope (Linn.).

Rare. Two specimens, one taken near Victoria February 9th, 1899, and another near Saanich.

54. American Widgeon. Baldpate.

Mareca americana (Gmel.).

A common winter resident on the coast. Brooks reports it from

Chilliwhack and Okanagan. Breeds on lakes on Cariboo Road above

Clinton. (Fannin.)

NETTION Kaup.

55. Green-winged Teal.

Nettion carolinensis (Gmel.).

An abundant resident, Breeds in the interior of the Mainland. Common on the coast throughout the winter. Rare on Queen Charlotte Islands. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

QUERQUEDULA Stephens.

56. Blue-winged Teal.

Querquedula discors (Linn.).

Not common on the coast; a few are taken every year. Taken at

Chilliwhack. (Brooks.)

57. Cinnamon Teal.

Querquedula cyanoptera (Vieill.).

A summer visitor in the interior of the Province. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

SPATULA Boie.

58. Shoveller. Spoon-bill.

Spatula clypeata (Linn.).

A common resident on the Mainland, rarely met with on Vancouver

Island. Brooks says common resident in Lower Fraser Valley about

Sumas Lake, has also taken it on Okanagan.

DAFILA Stephens.

59. Pintail. Sprigtail.

Dafila acuta (Linn.).

An abundant winter resident on the coast. Breeds in the interior of the Mainland.

AIX Boie.

60. Wood Duck.

Aix spona (Linn.).

Not common. A summer resident on Island and Mainland. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

AYTHYA Boie.

61. Red-head. Pochard.

Aythya americana (Eyt.).

A winter resident on the coast, but nowhere common; a few are taken every season. Fannin found it breeding on the lakes along the Cariboo Road.

62. Canvas-back Duck.

Aythya vallisneria (Wils.).

A winter resident on the coast. Brooks has taken it on Okanagan Lake. I found them in pairs on the lakes near 108-Mile House, Cariboo Road, in April and May, 1891, where I was told they breed. (Fannin).

63. American Scaup Duck. Blue-bill.

Aythya marila (Linn.).

An abundant winter resident on the coast. Breeds in the interior of

Mainland.

64. Lesser Scaup Duck.

Aythya affinis (Eyt.).

Not common on the coast. Fannin has taken it in May near Ashcroft, and

Brooks has seen it all winter at Okanagan.

65. Ring-necked Duck.

Aythya collaris (Donov.).

Not common. A few have been taken on Vancouver Island. Mr. Brooks says common in Lower Fraser Valley, and is found all winter on Okanagan Lake.

CLANGULA Leach.

66. American Golden-eye. Whistler.

Clangula clangula americana (Faxon.)

A common winter resident on the coast. Fannin says breeds in interior.

Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

67. Barrow's Golden-eye.

Clangula islandica (Gmel.).

Not common. It winters on the coast; a few have been taken on Vancouver Island. Brooks has taken it at Okanagan. Fannin found it plentiful on the lakes along the Cariboo Road, May, 1891.

CHARITONETTA Stejneger.

68. Buffle-head. Butter-ball.

Charitonetta albeola (Linn.).

An abundant winter resident on the coast. Breeds in the interior of the Mainland. Common at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

HARELDA Stephens.

69. Long-tailed Duck. Old Squaw.

Harelda hyemalis (Linn.).

Common; the coasts of Vancouver Island and Mainland. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack. Rev. J. H. Keen reports it common at Metlakatla.

HISTRIONICUS Lesson.

70. Harlequin Duck.

Histrionicus histrionicus (Linn.).

A common resident on the coast. I found it breeding at Bear River, Vancouver Island, May, 1894. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack. Rare at Queen Charlotte Islands. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

OIDEMIA Fleming.

71. American Black Scoter.

Oidemia americana (Swains.).

Not common; has been taken at Victoria and Port Simpson. Fannin saw a small flock on a lake near 108-Mile House, Cariboo Road, 10th May, 1891. Fairly common at Matlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

72. White-winged Scoter.

Oidemia deglandi (Bonap.).

An abundant resident, and is found on the coast throughout the year. Brooks reports it from Chilliwhack and Okanagan. Rev. J. H. Keen says is common at Metlakatla.

73. Surf Scoter. Sea Coot.

Oidemia perspicillata (Linn.).

Abundant resident along the coasts of Vancouver Island and Mainland.

Found at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks.) Common at

Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

ERISMATURA Bonaparte.

74. Ruddy Duck.

Erismatura jamaicensis (Gmel.).

Not common on the Coast; a few are taken in the winter. Fannin found it breeding in the lakes along the Cariboo Road, May, 1891. Brooks has seen it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

CHEN Boie.

75. Lesser Snow Goose.

Chen hyperborea (Pall.).

A winter resident on the Coast. Brooks has seen it at Chilliwhack.

During some winters large numbers congregate off the mouth of Fraser

River. (Fannin.)

76. Ross's Snow Goose.

Chen rossii (Cassin.).

This is a rare bird in B. C. One specimen taken at Comox, January, 1894; another was taken at Kuper Island, April, 1895.

ANSER Brisson.

77. American White-fronted Goose.

Anser albifrons gambeli (Hartl.).

Abundant on the Coast in winter. Breeds both on Island and Mainland. The young have been taken on Cowichan Lake. (Fannin.) Brooks has taken it at Sumas and Okanagan Lakes. Common at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

BRANTA Scopoli.

78. Canada Goose.

Branta canadensis (Linn.).

An abundant winter resident on the Coast. Breeds in the interior of the Mainland; the eggs have been taken at Penticton by C. DeBlois Green.

79. Hutchin's Goose.

Branta canadensis hutchinsii (Rich.).

Abundant in the spring and fall migrations, and winters on the Coast.

80. White-cheeked Goose.

Branta canadensis occidentalis (Baird).

Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

81. Cackling Goose.

Branta canadensis minima (Ridgw.).

Winter resident on the Coast; has been taken at Elk Lake, near

Victoria. Brooks reports it from Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

82. Brant.

Branta bernicla glaucogastra (Brehm.).

Two specimens shot at Comox by A. C. Brooks, January 10th, 1904.

83. Black Brant.

Branta nigricans (Lawr.).

An abundant winter resident on the Coast. In April, 1894. I saw them in great numbers off Barkley Sound migrating north.

PHILACTE.

84. Emperor Goose.

Philacate canagica (Sevast.).

One specimen shot at Chemainus, December, 1894.

OLOR Wagler.

85. Whistling Swan.

Olor columbianus (Ord.).

A winter resident on Vancouver Island and southern Mainland. Mr.

Brooks records it from Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

86. Trumpeter Swan.

Olor buccinator (Rich.).

I have only seen this bird at Deaso Lake, Cassiar. (Fannin.)

Mr. Brooks has found it at Sumas and Okanagan.

Order HERODIONES. Herons, Ibises, etc.

Family IBIDIDÆ. Ibises.

PLEGADIS Kaup.

87. White-faced Glossy Ibis.

Plegadis guarauna (Linn.).

Only two specimens known to be taken in the Province, one on Salt

Spring Island, the other at mouth of Fraser River. Check List of

B. C. Birds, 1891. (Fannin.)

Family ARDEIDÆ. Herons and Bitterns.

BOTAURUS Hermann.

88. American Bittern.

Botaurus lentiginosus (Montag.).

Common throughout the greater portion of the Province. Breeds both east and west of Cascades.

ARDEA Linnæus.

89. Great Blue Heron.

Ardea herodias (Linn.).

A common resident on the coast, and is quite common at Sumas Lake and

Okanagan. Breeds throughout its range.

90. Northwest Coast Heron.

Ardea herodias fannini (Chapman).

In August, 1895, I found this form, now named after the late John

Fannin by Frank M. Chapman, quite common at Skidegate, Queen Charlotte

Islands.

EGRETTA Forester.

91. Snowy Heron.

Egretta candidissima (Gmel.).

Rare in British Columbia. Two specimens collected at Burrard Inlet,

May, 1879. (Fannin.) One specimen is in the Museum.

Order PALUDICOLÆ. Cranes, Rails, etc.

Family GRUIDÆ. Cranes.

GRUS Pallas.

92. Little Brown Crane.

Grus canadensis (Linn.).

Common, during migrations, throughout the Province.

93. Sandhill Crane.

Grus mexicana (Mull.).

Common throughout the Province; it breeds in the interior of Mainland; numbers pass over Victoria in the spring and autumn migrations.

Family RALLIDÆ. Rails and Coots.

RALLUS Linnæus.

94. Virginia Rail.

Rallus virginianus (Linn.).

Tolerably common on Island and Mainland; breeds close to Victoria.

Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

PORZANA Vieillot.

95. Carolina Rail. Sora.

Porzana Carolina (Linn.).

Found on Vancouver Island and Mainland. Rev. J. H. Keen reports it very rare on Queen Charlotte Islands. Common east of Cascades. (Fannin.)

FULICA Linnæus.

96. American Coot. Mud-hen.

Fulica americana (Gmel.).

A common resident on Island and Mainland; breeds throughout its range.

Order LIMICIOLÆ. Shore Birds.

Family PHALAROPODIDÆ. Phalaropes.

CRYMOPHILUS Vieillot.

97. Red Phalarope.

Crymophilus fulicarius (Linn.).

Taken at Clover Point, near Victoria, during migration.

PHALAROPUS Brisson.

98. Northern Phalarope.

Phalaropus lobatus (Linn.).

Abundant along the coast of Island and Mainland in the spring and autumn. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. Fannin has taken it at Burrard Inlet in July.

STEGANOPUS. Vieillot.

99. Wilson's Phalarope.

Steganopus tricolor (Vieill.).

Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

Family SCOLOPACIDÆ. Snipes, Sand-pipers, Etc.

GALLINAGO Leach.

100. Wilson's Snipe.

Gallinago delicata (Ord.)

Common throughout the Province on Island and Mainland; breeds in the interior. Rev. J. H. Keen reports it common at Metlakatla.

MACRORHAMPHUS Leach.

101. Long-billed Dowitcher. Red-breasted Snipe.

Macrorhamphus scolopaceus (Say.).

Tolerably abundant throughout the Province. I found it quite common at Clayoquot, West Coast Vancouver Island, in May, 1894. Fannin says breeds in the interior. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack. Fairly common at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

MICROPALAMA Baird.

102. STILT SANDPIPER.

Micropalama himantopus (Bonap.).

Taken at Chilliwhack, August 19th, 1899, by A. C. Brooks.

TRINGA Linnæus.

103. KNOT. ROBIN SNIPE.

Tringa canutus (Linn.).

Abundant during migrations, chiefly along the coast. (Fannin.)

Taken at Chilliwhack. (Brooks.)

ACTODROMAS Kaup.

104. SHARP-TAILED SANDPIPER.

Actodromas acuminata (Horsf.).

Two specimens taken at Massett, Queen Charlotte Islands, December 27th, 1897, by Rev. J. H. Keen.

105. PECTORAL SANDPIPER.

Actodromas maculata (Vieill.).

Not common; taken along the coast during migrations. Brooks has taken it at Chillihwack and Okanagan.

106. BAIRD'S SANDPIPER.

Actodromas bairdii (Coues.).

Distributed along the coast of Island and Mainland, Rev. J. H. Keen reports it rare at Metlakatla. Taken at Chilliwhack and Okanagan (Brooks); and at Clover Point, Victoria (E. M. Anderson).

107. LEAST SANDPIPER.

Actodromas minutilla (Vieill.).

Common along the coast of Island and Mainland. I found it common at

Clayoquot in May, 1894; I have also taken it near Victoria in July.

Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. Fannin has taken it

at 108-Mile House, Cariboo Road, in May.

PELIDNA Cuvier.

108. RED-BACKED SANDPIPER.

Pelidna alpina sakhalina (Vieillot).

Common in the spring and autumn migration along the coast of Island and Mainland. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

EREUNETES Illiger.

109. SEMIPALMATED SANDPIPER.

Ereunetes pusillus (Linn.).

Not uncommon in migration along the Coast. Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks.) Common at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

110. WESTERN SEMIPALMATED SANDPIPER.

Ereunetes pusillus occidenlcdis (Lawr.).

Abundant in the fall along the Coast. I also found it very common at Clayoquot, May, 1894, and have taken it near Victoria in July. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

CALIDRIS Cuvier.

111. SANDERLING.

Calidris arenaria (Linn.).

Not common; several have been taken near Victoria by A. H. Maynard. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack. Fairly common at Metlakatla. (Rev J. H. Keen.)

LIMOSA Brisson.

112. MARBLED GODWIT.

Limosa fedoa (Linn.).

The whole of British Columbia; breeds chiefly east of Cascades. (Fannin.) Port Simpson. (W. B. Anderson.)

TOTANUS Bechstein.

113. GREATER YELLOW-LEGS.

Totanus melanoleucus (Gmel.).

Common along the coast in winter; have taken it at Clayoquot in May. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. I found it breeding around the lakes at Clinton, May, 1891. (Fannin.)

114. LESSER YELLOW-LEGS.

Totanus flavipes (Gmel.).

Tolerably common through the Province; winters on the coast. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

HELODROMAS Kaup.

115. SOLITARY SANDPIPER.

Helodromas solitarius (Wils.).

Found throughout the Province. Taken at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks).

116. WESTERN SOLITARY SANDPIPER.

Helodromas solitarius cinnamomeus (Brewster).

Taken at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks).

SYMPHEMIA Rafinesque.

117. WESTERN WILLET.

Symphemia semipalmata inornata (Brewster).

One specimen shot at Clover Point, near Victoria, August 18th, 1898, by Mr. J. Henley.

HETERACTITIS Stejneger.

118. WANDERING TATLER.

Heteractitis incanus (Gmel.).

Tolerably common along the coast of Island and Mainland. I took it at

Clayoquot, May, 1894, and at Skidegate, Queen Charlotte Islands,

August 5th, 1895.

BARTRAMIA Lesson.

119. BARTRAMIAN SANDPIPER.

Bartramia longicauda (Bechst.).

One specimen shot at Comox, August 20th, 1895, by W. B. Anderson.

Another was taken at l50-Mile House, Cariboo Road, May 16th, 1901, by

A. C. Brooks.

TRYNGITES Cabanis.

120. BUFF-BREASTED SANDPIPER.

Tryngites subruficollis (Vieill.).

Not common. Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

ACTITIS Illiger.

121. SPOTTED SANDPIPER.

Actitis macularia (Linn.).

This bird is found along the entire coast; I have taken it at

Clayoquot Vancouver Island, and at Skidegate, Queen Charlotte Islands,

July 26th, 1895. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

NUMENIUS Brisson.

122. LONG-BILLED CURLEW.

Numenius longirostris (Wils.).

A few specimens have been taken on the coast, but is to be more frequently met with in the interior of the Mainland, south through the Okanagan.

123. HUDSONIAN CURLEW.

Numenius hudsonicus (Lath.).

Not common, but distributed along the coast of Island and Mainland. I have taken it at Clayoquot in May, 1894. W. B. Andersen has taken it at Port Simpson, and J. Maynard at Cadboro Bay, near Victoria.

Family CHARADRIIDÆ. Plovers, Etc.

CHARADRIUS Linnæus.

124. BLACK-BELLIED PLOVER.

Charadrius squatarola (Linn.).

Abundant during migrations along the coast. Brooks has taken it at

Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

125. AMERICAN GOLDEN PLOVER.

Charadrius dominicus (Mull.).

Common on the coast during migrations. Brooks has taken it at

Chilliwhack and Okanagan. Rev. J. H. Keen reports it common at

Metlakatla. W. B. Anderson has taken it at Port Simpson.

ÆGIALITIS Boie.

126. KILLDEER PLOVER.

Ægialitis vocifera (Linn.).

Found throughout the Province; occasionally on the coast in winter.

Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

127. SEMIPALMATED PLOVER.

Ægialitis semipalmata (Bonap.).

Not common. I took two specimens on the West Coast, Vancouver

Island—one at Ucluelet, April 28th, 1894, the other at Clayoquot,

May, 1894. A. H. Maynard shot one at Cadboro Bay, Victoria.

Family APHRIZIDÆ. Surf-birds and Turnstones.

APHRIZA Audubon.

128. SURF-BIRD.

Aphriza virgata (Gmel.).

Not uncommon along the entire coast line of the Province. I found it quite common at Clayoquot, May, 1894. It has been taken at Port Simpson by W. B. Anderson.

ARENARIA Brisson.

129. TURNSTONE.

Arenaria interpres (Linn.).

Along the entire coast line, but not common. It has been taken at Port

Simpson and Sidney Island. Brooks has taken it at Sumas Lake.

130. BLACK TURNSTONE.

Arenaria melanocephala (Vig.).

Common along the entire coast of the Province. I have taken it at

Clayquot in May, 1894, and I found it very common at Skidegate, Queen

Charlotte Islands, in July, 1895, and it is found near Victoria

throughout the winter.

Family HÆMATOPODIDÆ. Oyster-Catchers.

HÆMATOPUS Linnæus.

131. BLACK OYSTER-CATCHER.

Hæmatopus bachmani (Aud.).

Abundant along the entire coast of Island and Mainland. Breeds throughout its range. Common on Queen Charlotte Islands, at Skidegate.

Order GALLINÆ. Gallinaceous Birds.

Family TETRAONIDÆ. Grouse, Partridges, Etc.

OREORTYX Baird.

132. MOUNTAIN PARTRIDGE.

Oreortyx pictus (Dougl.).

Common on Vancouver Island. Introduced from California.

LOPHORTYX Bonaparte.

133. CALIFORNIA PARTRIDGE.

Lophortyx californicus (Shaw.).

Common on Vancouver Island. Introduced from California.

DENDRAGAPUS Elliot.

134. SOOTY GROUSE.

Dendragapus obscurus fuliginosus (Ridgw.).

Abundant west of Cascade Mountains, including Vancouver Island, Queen

Charlotte Islands, and all the larger islands along the coast.

135. RICHARDSON'S GROUSE.

Dendragapus obscurus richardsonii (Dougl.).

An abundant resident east of Cascade Mountains to Rocky Mountains.

CANACHITES Stejneger.

136. FRANKLIN'S GROUSE.

Canachites franklinii (Dougl.).

An abundant resident throughout the wooded portion of the interior east of the Cascade Mountains, from Okanagan to Cassiar.

BONASA Stephens.

137. CANADIAN RUFFED GROUSE.

Bonasa umbellus togata (Linn.).

An abundant resident east of and including the Cascade Mountains.

Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

138. GRAY RUFFED GROUSE.

Bonasa umbellus umbelloides (Dougl.).

Rocky Mountain District, Soda Creek and Beaver Pass. Check List of

B. C. Birds, 1898. (Fannin.) Okanagan, A. C. Brooks.

139. OREGON RUFFED GROUSE.

Bonasa umbellus sabini (Dougl.).

An abundant resident on Vancouver Island and all the larger islands of the coast, and on the Mainland west of Cascade Mountains.

LAGOPUS Brisson.

140. WILLOW PTARMIGAN.

Lagopus lagopus (Linn.).

Northern portion of British Columbia, Dease Lake, Cassiar. (James Porter.) Log Cabin, Atlin. (Fletcher and Englehardt.).

141. ROCK PTARMIGAN.

Lagopus rupestris (Gmel.).

Common on the summit of most of the mountains on the Mainland and

Vancouver Island. (Fannin.) Quite common at Atlin.

142. WHITE-TAILED PTARMIGAN.

Lagopus leucurus (Swains. & Rich.).

Found on the summit of most mountains on the Mainland except the Coast

Range. Taken at Okanagan. (Brooks.) Cassiar. (James

Porter.)

PEDIOECETES Baird.

143. COLUMBIAN SHARP-TAILED GROUSE. PRAIRIE CHICKEN.

Pedioecetes phasianellus columbianus (Ord.).

An abundant resident east of Cascade Range through the southern portions of the Province. E. P. Venables reports it common near Vernon.

CENTROCERCUS Swainson.

144. SAGE GROUSE.

Centrocercus urophasianus (Bonap.).

Three specimens taken by Mr. G. B. Martin at Osoyoos Lake in October, 1864. (Check List of B. C. Birds, 1891. Fannin.)

Family PHASIANIDÆ. Pheasants.

PHASIANUS Linnæus.

145. RING-NECKED PHEASANT.

Phasianus torquatus (Linn.).

Abundant on Vancouver Island and in the Lower Fraser River Valley and other portions of the Mainland. Introduced from China; now thoroughly naturalised.

Order COLUMBÆ. Pigeons.

Family COLUMBIDÆ. Pigeons.

COLUMBA Linnæus.

146. BAND-TAILED PIGEON.

Columba fasciata (Say.).

A common summer resident in the south-western portions of the Province including Vancouver Island.

ECTOPISTES Swainson.

147. PASSENGER PIGEON.

Ectopistes migratorius (Linn.).

Mentioned in John Keast Lord's "Naturalist in British Columbia" (1866). If it ever did occur here, it is now, without doubt, extinct. (Fannin.)

ZENAIDURA Bonaparte.

148. MOURNING DOVE.

Zenaidura macroura (Linn.).

Not common on Vancouver Island. I found it quite common in the

Okanagan in June, 1895. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack. Rev. J. H.

Keen reports it rare at Metlakatla.

Order RAPTORES. Birds of Prey.

Family CATHARTIDÆ. American Vultures.

GYMNOGYPS Lesson.

149. CALIFORNIA VULTURE.

Gymnogyps californianus (Shaw.).

In September, 1880, I saw two of these birds at Burrard Inlet. It is more than probable they are accidental visitants here. Lord says: Mouth of Fraser River; seldom visits the Interior. (Fannin.)

CATHARTES Illeger.

150. TURKEY VULTURE.

Cathartes aura (Linn.).

Tolerably common on Vancouver Island and portions of the Mainland.

Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

Family FALCONIDÆ. Falcons, Hawks, Eagles, etc.

CIRCUS Lacépède.

151. MARSH HAWK.

Circus hudsonius (Linn.).

Common on Vancouver Island and Mainland. Abundant on the Mainland.

Partially migratory; a few are found throughout the winter at

Ladners. (Fannin.) Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks.)

ACCIPITER Brisson.

152. SHARP-SHINNED HAWK.

Accipiter velox (Wils.).

Abundant on Vancouver Island and portions of the Mainland. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

153. COOPER'S HAWK.

Accipiter cooperii (Bonap.).

Found on Vancouver Island and Mainland; have taken it at Sicamous.

Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

154. AMERICAN GOSHAWK.

Accipiter atricapillus (Wils.).

Rather common in interior of Province. A few have been taken on

Vancouver Island. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

155. WESTERN GOSHAWK.

Accipiter atricapillus striatulus (Ridgw.).

Common throughout the Province. I found it very common at Skidegate,

Queen Charlotte Islands, in August, 1895.

BUTEO Cuvier.

156. WESTERN RED-TAILED HAWK.

Buteo borealis calurus (Cass.).

An abundant resident on Vancouver Island and coast of Mainland. Taken at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks.) Rare at Massett, Queen Charlotte Islands. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

157. RED-BELLIED HAWK.

Buteo lineatus elegans (Cass.).

Not common. I have no record of it on Vancouver Island. It has been taken at Burrard Inlet by J. Fannin, and at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

158. SWAINSON'S HAWK.

Buteo swainsoni (Bonap.).

Not common on Vancouver Island; it has been taken at Victoria and

Union. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

ARCHIBUTEO Brehm.

159. AMERICAN ROUGH-LEGGED HAWK.

Archibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis (Gmel.).

Not common. Found on both Vancouver Island and Mainland. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

AQUILA Brisson.

160. GOLDEN EAGLE.

Aquila chrysaetos (Linn.).

Found throughout the entire Province. Rare on Vancouver Island. A resident.

HALIÆETUS Savigny.

161. BALD EAGLE.

Haliæetus leucocephalus alascanus (C. H. Townsend).

An abundant resident throughout the entire Province, on Island and

Mainland. Breeds throughout its range. Common on Queen Charlotte

Islands.

FALCO Linnæus.

162. GYRFALCON.

Falco rusticolus gyrfalco (Linn.).

One specimen shot at Comox, October, 1894, by W. Harvey. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

163. PRAIRIE FALCON.

Falco mexicanus (Schleg.).

Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks, and at Kamloops, November, 1894, by W. Fortune.

164. DUCK HAWK.

Falco peregrinus anatum (Bonap.).

Apparently more common on the Mainland than Vancouver Island. Several have been taken in the Okanagan Country.

165. PEALE'S FALCON.

Falco peregrinus pealei (Ridgw.).

Found chiefly along the coasts of Mainland and Vancouver

Island. Several specimens have been taken at Cadbora Bay, near

Victoria. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack. Rare at

Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

166. PIGEON HAWK.

Falco columbarius (Linn.).

Apparently more common east of the Coast Range. A few have been taken on the Coast. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

167. BLACK MERLIN.

Falco columbarius suckleyi (Ridgw.).

Abundant; summer resident on Vancouver Island and portions of

Mainland. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

168. RICHARDSON'S MERLIN.

Falco richardsonii (Ridgw.).

Not common on Vancouver Island; a few specimens have been taken near

Victoria. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

169. DESERT SPARROW HAWK.

Falco spaverius phaloena (Lesson).

Abundant throughout the southern portion of Mainland, including

Vancouver Island, from the coast to Rocky Mountains.

PANDION Savigny.

170. AMERICAN OSPREY. FISH HAWK.

Pandion halioetus carolinensis (Gmel.).

Common throughout the Province, on Mainland and Island, including Queen Charlotte Islands. Their nest is a huge heap of sticks, usually on the broken top of a tree.

Family BUBONIDÆ. Horned Owls, etc.

ASIO Brisson.

171. AMERICAN LONG-EARED OWL.

Asio wilsonianus (Less.).

Not common; a few have been taken on Vancouver Island. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

172. SHORT-EARED OWL.

Asio accipitrinus (Pall.).

Common throughout the Province, on Island and Mainland; rather common near Victoria throughout the winter.

SYRNIUM Sanigny.

173. NORTHERN SPOTTED OWL.

Syrnium occidentale caurinum (Merriam).

Rare resident at Chilliwhack and Mount Lehman (Brooks.) The late John Fannin had this bird on his first list of B. C. birds, he having taken it at Burrard Inlet some years ago, but in his lists of 1891 and 1898 he dropped it.

SCOTIAPTEX Swainson.

174. GREAT GREY OWL.

Scotiaptex nebulosa (Forster).

A rare bird in this Province; it has been taken at Vernon and

Stewart's Lake. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

CRYPTOGLAUX Richmond.

175. RICHARDSON'S OWL.

Cryptoglaux tengmalmi richardsoni (Bonaparte).

Taken at Okanagan by A. C. Brooks.

176. SAW-WHET OWL.

Cryptoglaux acadica (Gmel.).

Not common on Vancouver Island; several have been taken near this city. Tolerably at Chilliwhack and common in winter at Okanagan. (Brooks.)

176A. NORTH-WEST SAW-WHET OWL.

Cryptoglaux acadica scotæa (Osgood).

Queen Charlotte Islands.

MEGASCOPS Kaup.

177. KENNICOTT'S SCREECH OWL.

Megascops asio kennicottii (Elliot).

An abundant resident throughout the Province. Breeds in the neighbourhood of Victoria.

178. MACFARLANE'S SCREECH OWL.

Megascops asio macfarlanei (Brewst.).

Southern portion of the Province, east of Cascade Mountains.

BUBO Dumeril.

179. GREAT HORNED OWL.

Bubo virginianus (Gmel.).

Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks, and near Victoria by John Hall,

November, 1896.

180. WESTERN HORNED OWL.

Bubo virginianus pallescens (Stone).

Common on Vancouver Island and Mainland. Taken at Chilliwhack and

Okanagan. (Brooks.)

181. ARCTIC HORNED OWL.

Bubo virginianus arcticus (Swains.).

One specimen taken near Victoria, November, 1896, by A. H. Maynard, and at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

182. DUSKY HORNED OWL.

Bubo virginianus saturatus (Ridgw.).

An abundant resident in this Province; common on Vancouver Island.

Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

NYCTEA Stephens.

183. SNOWY OWL.

Nyctea nyctea (Linn.).

A resident in the northern portions of the Province, south in winter to mouth of Fraser River, Chilliwhack and Okanagan, occasionally to Vancouver Island. Rev. J. H. Keen reports it rare at Metlakahtla.

SURNIA Duméril.

184. American Hawk Owl.

Surnia ulula caparoch (Mull.).

Not common, but found throughout the southern part of the Province from the Coast to Okanagan. Rare on Vancouver Island. It has been taken at Victoria, Sardis, Grand Prairie and Vernon.

SPEOTYTO Gloger.

185. Burrowing Owl.

Speotyto cunicularia hypogæa (Bonap.).

Not common, but is found in suitable localities in the southern portions of the Province from Chilliwhack to Okanagan. Mr. Brooks has taken three specimens at Chilliwhack. Rare at Vernon. (E. P. Venables.)

GLAUCIDIUM Boie.

186. Pygmy Owl.

Glaucidium gnoma (Wagl.).

Common throughout the Province. (Fannin.)

187. California Pygmy Owl.

Glaucidium gnoma californicum (Scl.).

Common throughout the southern portions of the Province, including

Vancouver Island.

Order COCCYGES. Cuckoos and Kingfishers.

Family CUCULIDÆ. Cuckoos.

COCCYZUS Vieillot.

188. Western Yellow-billed Cuckoo. California Cuckoo.

Coccyzus americanus occidentalis (Ridgw.).

A regular summer resident in the southwestern portions of the Province. It breeds on Vancouver Island near Victoria. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

Family ALCEDINIDÆ. Kingfishers.

CERYLE Boie.

189. Belted Kingfisher.

Ceryle alcyon (LINN.).

An abundant resident throughout the Province, breeds throughout its range.

Order PICI. Woodpeckers, Wrynecks, etc.

Family PICIDÆ. Woodpeckers.

DRYOBATES Boie.

190. Northern Hairy Woodpecker.

Dryobates villosus leucomelas (Bodd.).

Common resident on the Mainland east of Cascade Mountains. I found it quite common at Sicamous, May, 1895. Mr. Brooks reports having taken it several times at Chilliwhack.

191. Harris's Woodpecker.

Dryobates villosus harrisii (Aud.).

A common resident west of Coast Range, including Vancouver Island.

192. Cabanis's Woodpecker.

Dryobates villosus hyloscopus (Cab.).

Rocky Mountain district. Taken at Okanagan by A. C. Brooks.

193. Queen Charlotte Woodpecker.

Dryobates villosus picoideus (Osgood).

Queen Charlotte Islands.

194. Gairdner's Woodpecker.

Dryobates pubescens gairdneri (Aud.).

A very common resident on Vancouver Island, Coast of Mainland and

Lower Fraser Valley.

195. Batchelder's Woodpecker.

Dryobates pubescens homorus (Cab.).

Common throughout the interior of the Province, along the C. P. R., at

Ducks, and at Vernon. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and

Okanagan.

XENOPICUS Baird.

196. White-headed Woodpecker.

Xenopicus albolarvatus (Cass.).

A rare bird in this Province, found east of the Coast Range. Museum specimen from Similkameen Valley, collected by R. V. Griffin.

PICOIDES Lacépède.

197. Black-backed Three-toed Woodpecker.

Picoides arcticus (Swains.).

Found only east of Coast Range, where in some localities it is quite common. Mr. Brooks reports it from Okanagan.

198. Alaskan Three-toed Woodpecker.

Picoides americanus fasciatus (Bird).

West of Cascade Mountains common. Rare on Vancouver Island. Brooks says common resident in the spruce zone on the Coast Range.

199. Alpine Three-toed Woodpecker.

Picoides americanus dorsalis (Baird).

Mountains east of Cascade Mountains, north to Cassiar. (Fannin.)

SPHYRAPICUS Baird.

200. Red-naped Sapsucker.

Sphyrapicus varius nuchalis (Baird).

Generally distributed east of Cascade Mountains throughout the

Province. It was quite common at Duck's, May, 1895.

201. Red-breasted Sapsucker.

Sphyrapicus ruber notkensis (Suckow.).

Generally distributed along the Coast. Not uncommon on Vancouver

Island. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

202. Williamson's Sapsucker.

Sphyrapicus thyroideus (Cass.).

Taken at Similkameen, B. C., by R. V. Griffin, June, 1882, (Check List of B. C. Birds, 1891—Fannin.)

CEOPHLOEUS Cabanis.

203. Northern Pileated Woodpecker.

Ceophloeus pileatus abieticola (Bangs.).

Common resident throughout the Province, on Vancouver Island and Mainland through the interior to Okanagan. Mr. Brooks found it scarce in the Cariboo District.

ASYNDESMUS (Wils.) Coues.

204. Lewis's Woodpecker.

Asyndesmus torquatus (Wils.).

Abundant through the interior of the Province, at Vernon and Grand Prairie. I found it quite common at Chilliwhack this year. A summer resident on Vancouver Island.

COLAPTES Swainson.

205. Northern Flicker.

Colaptes auratus luteus (Bangs.).

A rare bird of this Province, but is found on Vancouver Island and east to the Rocky Mountains.

206. Red-shafted Flicker.

Colaptes cafer collaris (Vigors).

Common east of Cascade Mountains through the interior, at Duck's,

Sicamous and Okanagan.

207. North-western Flicker.

Colaptes cafer saturatior (Ridgew.).

Abundant resident west of Cascade Mountains; very common on Vancouver

Island.

Order MACROCHIRES. Goatsuckers, Swifts, etc.

Family CAPRIMULGIDÆ. Goatsuckers.

PHALÆNOPTILUS Ridgway.

208. Poor-will.

Phalænoptilis nuttallii (Aud.).

Southern interior portions of Province from Kamloops through the

Okanagan. Summer resident.

CHORDEILES Swainson.

209. Nighthawk.

Chordeiles virginianus (Gmel.).

An abundant summer resident east of Cascade Mountains. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

210. Western Nighthawk.

Chordeiles virginianus henryi (Cass.).

A summer resident west of Cascade Mountains. Abundant on Vancouver

Island.

Family MICROPODIDÆ. Swifts.

CYPSELOIDES Streubel.

211. Black Swift.

Cypseloides niger borealis (Ridgw.).

Common near Victoria during migration. Rev. J. H. Keen says only pass over at Metlakatla. Said to breed in mountains back of Chilliwhack and in the neighbourhood of Comox. (Fannin.) Taken at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks.)

CHÆTURA Stephens.

212. Vaux's Swift.

Chætura vauxii (Towns.).

A summer resident on Vancouver Island and Mainland. I found it very common near Sicamous, May 28th, 1895.

Family TROCHILIDÆ. Hummingbirds.

TROCHILUS Linnæus.

213. Black-chinned Hummingbird.

Trochilus alexandri (Bourc. & Muls.).

Confined to the Mainland. I have never seen it on Vancouver Island.

Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

SELASPHORUS Swainson.

214. Red-backed Rufous Hummingbird.

Selasphorus rufus (Gmel.).

An abundant summer resident west of Cascade Mountains, including

Vancouver Island. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Okanagan. Common at

Metlakatla (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

215. Green-backed Rufous Hummingbird. Allen's Hummingbird.

Selasphorus alleni (Hensh.).

Eastern Cascade and Rocky Mountain districts. (Fannin.)

STELLULA Gould.

216. Calliope Hummingbird.

Stellula calliope (Gould).

East and west of Cascade Mountains. (Fannin.)

Order PASSERES. Perching Birds.

Family TYRANNIDÆ. Tyrant Flycatchers.

TYRANNUS Cuvier.

217. Kingbird.

Tyrannus tyrannus (Linn.).

A common summer resident on the Mainland at Chilliwhack, Sardis, Ducks and Vernon, and has been taken as far north as Port Simpson. Rare on Vancouver Island.

218. Gray Kingbird.

Tyrannus dominicensis (Gmel.).

Accidentally in B. C. One specimen taken at Cape Beale, October 9, 1889, by Miss Cox, and presented to the Museum.

219. Arkansas Kingbird.

Tyrannus verticalis (Say).

A common summer resident on the Mainland. I have found it quite common at Chilliwhack, Ducks and Okanagan, rarely west to Vancouver Island.

SAYORNIS Bonaparte.

220. Say's Phoebe.

Sayornis saya (Bonap.).

A summer resident. Not common on Vancouver Island, chiefly on Mainland in the interior. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

CONTOPUS Cabanis.

221. Olive-sided Flycatcher.

Contopus borealis (Swains.).

A summer resident on Vancouver Island and Mainland. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

222. Western Wood Pewee.

Contopus richardsonii (Swains.).

A common summer resident on Vancouver Island and Mainland. Very common at Sicamous, May, 1895.

EMPIDONAX Cabanis.

223. Western Flycatcher.

Empidonax difficilis (Baird).

A common summer resident west of Cascade Mountains on Mainland and

Vancouver Island. I also found it quite common at Skidegate, Queen

Charlotte Islands, July, 1895.

224. Traill's Flycatcher.

Empidonax trailli (Aud.).

A summer resident. I have found it quite common on Vancouver Island and the Mainland at Sicamous and Vernon. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

225. Hammond's Flycatcher.

Empidonax hammondi (Xantus.).

Summer resident. Chiefly on the Mainland, east and west of Cascade

Mountains. A few have been taken on Vancouver Island.

226. Wright's Flycatcher.

Empidonax wrightii (Baird).

Summer resident. Taken at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. (Brooks.)

Family ALAUDIDÆ. Larks.

OTOCORIS Bonaparte.

227. Pallid Horned Lark.

Otocoris alpestris leucoloema (Coues.).

Common in spring and autumn on Vancouver Island. Have taken it at

Clover Point near Victoria. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and

Okanagan.

228. Streaked Horned Lark.

Otocoris alpestris strigata (Hensh.).

Spring and autumn migrant on Vancouver Island. Have taken it near

Victoria in September. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack. West of

Cascades; taken at Burrard Inlet and Vancouver Island (Fannin).

Fort Simpson by W. B. Anderson.

229. Dusky Horned Lark.

Otocoris alpestris merrilli (Dwight).

Chiefly east of Cascades. I have never known it to be taken on

Vancouver Island. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and

Okanagan. Chas. de B. Green has taken it at Osoyoos.

Family CORVIDÆ. Crows, Jays, Magpies.

PICA Brisson.

230. American Magpie.

Pica pica hudsonica (Sab.).

A common resident on the Mainland, rarely west to Vancouver Island.

Breeds in the interior of the Mainland, east of Cascade Mountains.

CYANOCITTA Strickland.

231. Steller's Jay.

Cyanocitta stelleri (Gmel.).

An abundant resident west of Coast Range on Mainland and Vancouver

Island throughout the year.

232. Black-headed Jay.

Cyanocitta stelleri annectens (Baird).

This form is quite common in the interior from the Cascades east down through the Okanagan. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

233. Queen Charlotte Jay.

Cyanocitta stelleri carlottæ (Osgood).

Queen Charlotte Islands; not uncommon at Skidegate, August, 1895.

PERISOREUS Bonaparte.

234. Rocky Mountain Jay.

Perisoreus canadensis capitalis (Ridgw.).

East of Cascade Mountains. Taken at Okanagan and in the Caribou

District by A. C. Brooks.

235. Oregon Jay.

Perisoreus obscurus (Ridgw.).

An abundant resident west of Cascades, on the Mainland, but not so numerous on Vancouver Island.

236. Gray Jay.

Perisoreus obscurus griseus (Ridgw.).

California to British Columbia, east of the Coast and Cascade Ranges. (Ridgway.)

CORVUS Linnæus.

237. Northern Raven.

Corvus corax principalis (Ridgw.).

A resident throughout the Province; more common on the Coast. I have seen it quite common at Clayoquot, V. I., and in August, 1895, it was very common at Skidegate, Queen Charlotte Islands. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan. Common at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

238. American Crow.

Corvus brachyrhynchos (Brehm.)

Common east of Coast Range; common at Sicamous, May, 1895. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

239. Northwest Crow.

Corvus caurinus (Baird).

An abundant resident west of Cascade Mountains, on Mainland and

Vancouver Island, and fairly common at Skidegate, Queen Charlotte

Islands, July, 1895.

NUCIFRAGA Brisson.

240. Clarke's Nutcracker.

Nucifraga columbiana (Wils.).

A common resident on the Mainland, chiefly east of the Coast Range.

Rare on Vancouver Island.

CYANOCEPHALUS Bonaparte.

241. Blue Crow. Piñon Jay.

Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus (Wied.).

Rocky Mountain region to the Pacific Coast Ranges, but rather more southerly; north to British Columbia; south to Lower California.—"Key to N. A. Birds (Coues), Fifth Edition."

Family ICTERIDÆ. Blackbirds, Orioles, Etc.

DOLICHONYX Swainson.

242. Bobolink.

Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linn.)

East and west of Cascade Mountains. Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C.

Brooks.

MOLOTHRUS Swainson.

243. Cowbird.

Molothrus ater (Bodd.).

A summer resident. I have found it fairly common in the neighbourhood of Ducks, on C. P. R., and Okanagan. It is a rare straggler on Vancouver Island; it has been taken near Victoria. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack. Rev. J. H. Keen reports it rare at Metlakatla.

XANTHOCEPHALUS Bonaparte.

244. Yellow-headed Blackbird.

Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (Bonap.).

A rare summer resident on the Mainland. I have heard of it at Vernon. Fannin has found it above Clinton, on the Cariboo Road. Brooks has taken it at Chilliwhack.

AGELAIUS Vieillot.

245. San Diego Redwing.

Agelaius phoeniceus neutralis (Ridgw.).

Breeding range north, to eastern British Columbia. (Ridgway.) East of Cascades I found this form quite common near Vernon, June, 1895.

246. Northwestern Red-wing.

Agelaius phoeniceus caurinus (Ridgw.).

Common west of Cascades, on Mainland and Vancouver Island; it is found throughout the year near Victoria.

STURNELLA Vieillot.

247. Western Meadowlark.

Sturnella magna neglecta (Aud.).

Abundant resident on Mainland and Vancouver Island, east and west of

Cascades.

ICTERUS Brisson.

248. Bullock's Oriole.

Icterus bullocki (Swains.).

A fairly common summer resident, chiefly east of Cascades. I found it

breeding along the valley of the Thompson and in the Okanagan, near

Vernon, May and June, 1895. Mr. Brooks has found it breeding at

Chilliwhack.

EUPHAGUS Cassin.

249. Rusty Blackbird.

Euphagus carolinus (Muller).

Rare. One specimen shot at Metlakatla by Rev. J. H. Keen, November, 26th, 1901, and presented by him to the Museum.

250. Brewer's Blackbird.

Euphagus cyanocephalus (Wagler.).

Common, and generally distributed on the Mainland; quite common in the Lower Fraser Valley, Grand Prairie, south side of Thompson River, down into the Okanagan country. Breeding in suitable localities. Not common on Vancouver Island; a few have been taken near Victoria.

Family FRINGILLIDÆ. Finches, Sparrows, Etc.

HESPERIPHONA Bonaparte.

251. Western Evening Grosbeak.

Hesperiphona vespertina montana (Ridgw.).

Chiefly on the Mainland. West in winter to Vancouver Island and Lower

Fraser Valley. Taken at Chilliwhack and Okaiiagan by A. C. B.

PINICOLA Vieillot.

252. Alaskan Pine Grosbeak.

Pinicola enucleator alascensis (Ridgw.).

Mainland east and west of Cascade Mountains. Common in winter in the neighbourhood of Clinton. Mr. Brooks reports it from Chilliwhack and Okanagan. Rare at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.)

CARPODACUS Kaup.

253. California Purple Finch.

Carpodacus purpureus californicus (Baird).

An abundant summer resident west of Cascades. Quite a number winter on

Vancouver Island.

254. Cassin's Purple Finch.

Carpodacus cassini (Baird).

East of Cascades to Rocky Mountains. Tolerably common.

LOXIA Linnæus.

255. American Crossbill.

Loxia curvirostra minor (Brehm.).

An abundant resident throughout the Province, Island and Mainland.

256. White-winged Crossbill.

Loxia leucoptera (Gmel.).

An abundant resident chiefly on the Mainland, occasionally west to

Vancouver Island.

LEUCOSTICTE Swainson.

257. Gray-crowned Leucosticte.

Leucosticte tephrocotis (Swains.).

Rocky Mountain district. In winter, occasionally west to Cascades.

Mr. Brooks has taken it as far west as Chilliwhack.

258. Hepburn's Leucosticte.

Leucosticte tephrocotis littoralis (Baird).

Common on the Mainland from the Coast to Rocky Mountains. Breeds above timber line in the interior.

ACANTHIS Bechstein.

259. Hoary Redpoll.

Acanthis hornemannii exilipes (Coues.).

Mouth of Quesnelle, S. Williams. Chilliwhack, A. C. Brooks.

260. Redpoll.

Acanthis linaria (Linn.).

The Province at large, but more abundant in the Rocky Mountain district. West in winter to Vancouver Island.

ASTRAGALINUS Cabanis.

261. American Goldfinch.

Astragalinus tristis (Linn.).

Both slopes of Cascades to Rocky Mountains on the Mainland. Taken at

Okanagan by A. C. Brooks.

262. Willow Goldfinch.

Astragalinus tristis salicamans (Grinnell).

Taken at Okanagan by A. C. Brooks.

SPINUS Koch.

263. Pine Siskin.

Spinus pinus (Wils.).

An abundant resident throughout the Province. Breeds throughout its range.

PASSER Brisson.

264. House Sparrow.

Passer domesticus (Linn.).

This bird has now become quite common in the cities along the Coast.

PASSERINA (Vieill).

265. Snowflake.

Passerina nivalis (Linn.).

Not common on Vancouver Island. More abundant east of Cascades on the

Mainland.

CALCARIUS Bechstein.

266. Lapland Longspur.

Calcarius lapponicus (Linn.).

The Province at large, but nowhere common. It has been taken a

Victoria, Chilliwhack, Burrard Inlet, Okanagan, Fort Simpson and

Metlakatla.

RHYNCHOPHANES Baird.

267. McCown's Longspur.

Rhynchophanes mccownii (Lawr.).

Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

POOECETES Baird.

268. Western Vesper Sparrow.

Pooecetes gramineus confinis (Baird).

Interior portions of the Mainland east of Cascades, and in the

Okanagan.

269. Oregon Vesper Sparrow.

Pooecetes gramineus affinis (Miller).

West of Cascades, including Vancouver Island.

PASSERCULUS Bonaparte.

270. Sandwich Sparrow.

Passerculus sandwichensis (Gmel.).

An abundant summer resident west of Cascades on the Mainland, including Vancouver Island. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Okanagan.

271. Western Savanna Sparrow.

Passerculus sandwichensis alaudinus (Bonaparte).

A common summer resident on the Coast, including Vancouver Island.

COTURNICULUS Bonaparte.

272. Western Grasshopper Sparrow.

Coturniculus savannarum bimaculatus (Swainson).

A summer resident in the Okanagan, near Vernon. (Brooks.)

CHONDESTES Swainson.

273. Western Lark Sparrow.

Chondestes grammacus strigatus (Swains.).

Interior southern portions of the Mainland, from Chilliwhack east through the Okanagan.

ZONOTRICHIA Swainson.

274. Harris's Sparrow.

Zonotrichia querula (Nutt.).

Cadbora Bay, near Victoria, October, 1894, A. H. Maynard; Comox, November, 1894, W. B. Anderson; Sumas (Lower Fraser), 10th January, 1895, A. C. Brooks.

275. Gambel's Sparrow.

Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii (Nutt.).

Mainland, east of Coast Range, east to Okanagan. Common.

276. Nuttall's Sparrow.

Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli (Ridgw.).

An abundant summer resident on Vancouver Island and Mainland, west of Cascades.

277. Golden-crowned Sparrow.

Zonotrichia coronata (Pallas.).

Abundant during migrations on the Coast; have also taken it at

Chilliwhack and Okanagan.

SPIZELLA Bonaparte.

278. Western Tree Sparrow.

Spizella monticola ochracea (Brewst.).

Chilliwhack and Okanagan, A. C. Brooks; Victoria, A. H. Maynard.

279. Western Chipping Sparrow.

Spizella socialis arizonæ (Coues.).

An abundant summer resident east and west of Cascades. Breeds in the neighbourhood of this City. Also a number remain throughout the winter.

280. Clay-coloured Sparrow.

Spizella pallida (Swains.).

Carpenter's Mountain, 150-Mile House, Cariboo, July 3rd, 1901. (Brooks.)

281. Brewer's Sparrow.

Spizella breweri (Cass.).

Eastern Cascades and Rocky Mountains districts. Similkameen, R. V.

Griffin; Okanagan, A. C. Brooks.

JUNCO Wagler.

282. Slate-coloured Junco.

Junco hyemalis (Linn.).

Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

283. Oregon Junco.

Junco hyemalis oreganus (Townsend).

Abundant resident west of Cascades, including Vancouver Island.

284. Shufeldt's Junco.

Junco hyemalis shufeldti (Coale).

Breeding from interior British Columbia (Stuarts Lake) east to Rocky

Mountains, south to Vancouver Island.

MELOSIPZA Baird.

285. Rusty Song Sparrow.

Melosipza cinerea morphna (Oberh.).

An abundant resident throughout the Province. Breeds on Vancouver

Island and Mainland.

286. Sooty Song Sparrow.

Melosipza cinerea rufina (Bonap.).

An abundant resident, chiefly along the coast of Mainland and

Vancouver Island. I found it quite common at Skidegate, Queen

Charlotte Islands, August, 1895.

287. Lincoln's Sparrow.

Melosipza lincolnii (Aud.).

Not common. East and west of Cascades; a few have been taken near

Victoria. Mr. Brooks has taken it at Okanagan.

288. Forbush's Sparrow.

Melosipza lincolnii striata (Brewst.).

Collected at Comox, September, 1888, by E. H. Forbush. Taken at

Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

PASSERELLA Swainson.

289. Townsend's Sparrow.

Passerella iliaca unalaschcensis (Gmel.).

A common summer resident west of Cascades. A few remain throughout the winter on Vancouver Island; I have taken it in November and January.

290. Slate-coloured Sparrow.

Passerella iliaca schistacea (Baird).

Southern portions of Mainland, east of Cascades. Sicamous, J. Fannin,

Okanagan, A. C. Brooks.

PIPILO Vieillot.

291. Spurred Towhee.

Pipilo maculatus megalonyx (Baird).

East of Cascades, south through the Okanagan.

292. Oregon Towhee.

Pipilo maculatus oregonus (Bell.).

An abundant resident west of Cascades. Breeds on Vancouver Island and

Mainland.

ZAMELODIA Coues.

293. Black-headed Grosbeak.

Zamelodia melanocephala (Swains).

A summer resident on Vancouver Island. Taken at Chilliwhack. (Brooks.) A summer resident east and west of Cascades. (Fannin.)

CYANOSPIZA Baird.

294. Lazuli Bunting.

Cyanospiza amoena (Say.).

A summer resident chiefly east of Cascades. I have seen it at

Chilliwhack and near Vernon. Rare on Vancouver Island.

Family TANAGRIDÆ. Tanagers.

PIRANGA Vieillot.

295. Louisiana Tanager.

Piranga ludoviciana (Wils.).

An abundant summer resident throughout the Province. Vancouver Island and Mainland.

Family HIRUNDINIDÆ. Swallows.

PROGNE Boie.

296. Purple Martin.

Progne subis (Linn.).

A common summer resident chiefly in the cities along the Coast. West of Cascades.

PETROCHELIDON Cabanis.

297. Cliff Swallow.

Petrochelidon lunifrons (Say.).

Common summer resident on the Mainland east and west of Cascades,

Chilliwhack, Okanagan and Cariboo Road.

HIRUNDO Linn.

298. Barn Swallow.

Hirundo erythrogastra (Bodd).

An abundant summer resident throughout the Province, including

Vancouver Island and Queen Charlotte Islands.

TACHYCINETA Cabanis.

299. White-bellied Swallow.

Tachycineta bicolor (Vieill.).

An abundant summer resident east and west of Cascades.

300. Northern Violet-green Swallow.

Tachycineta thalassina lepida (Mearns).

An abundant summer resident throughout the Province, east and west of

Cascades.

RIPARIA Forester.

301. Bank Swallow.

Riparia riparia (Linn.).

An abundant summer resident, chiefly east of Cascades, north to

Cariboo District. Very common from Sicamous down through the Okanagan.

Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

STELGIDOPTERYX Baird.

302. Rough-winged Swallow.

Stelgidopteryx serripennis (Aud.).

A common summer resident throughout the Province. Vancouver Island and

Mainland.

Family AMPELIDÆ. Waxwings.

AMPELIS Linnæus.

303. Bohemian Waxwing.

Ampelis garrulus (Linn.).

An abundant resident chiefly east of Cascades. A winter visitant to the Coast and Vancouver Island.

304. Cedar Bird.

Ampelis cedrorum (Vieill.).

A common summer resident throughout the Province. Vancouver Island and

Mainland.

Family LANIIDÆ. Shrikes.

LANIUS Linnæus.

305. Northern Shrike. Butcher-bird.

Lanius borealis (Vieill.).

Not common, but found distributed throughout the Province. Found throughout the winter on the Coast.

306. White-rumped Shrike.

Lanis ludovicianus excubitorides (Swains.).

Chilliwhack, A. C. Brooks. Victoria, A. H. Maynard.

Family VIREONIDÆ. Vireos.

VIREO Vieillot.

307. Red-eyed Vireo.

Vireo olivaceus (Linn.).

Distributed over the southern portions of the Province, including

Vancouver Island. A summer resident. Chilliwhack and Okanagan, A. C.

Brooks.

308. Western Warbling Vireo.

Vireo gilvus swainsonii (Baird).

Common summer resident, west of Rocky Mountains to Pacific. Mainland and Vancouver Island.

309. Cassin's Vireo.

Vireo solitarius cassinii (Xantus.).

A summer resident east and west of Cascades, including Vancouver

Island.

310. Anthony's Vireo.

Vireo huttoni obscurus (Anthony).

A summer resident on Vancouver Island.

Family MNIOTILTIDÆ. Wood Warblers.

HELMINTHOPHILA Ridgway.

311. Calaveras Warbler.

Helminthophila ruficapilla gutturalis (Ridgw.).

Rocky Mountains to Pacific. A summer resident. Common in the

Okanagan. (Brooks.)

312. Orange-crowned Warbler.

Helminthophila celata (Say.).

A common summer resident east and west of Cascades.

313. Lutescent Warbler.

Helminthophila celata lutescens (Ridgw.).

An abundant summer resident, chiefly west of Cascades, along the coast of Mainland and Vancouver Island.

314. Tennessee Warbler.

Helminthophila peregrina (Wils.).

Taken at 150-Mile House, Cariboo, by A. C. Brooks.

DENDROICA Gray.

315. Alaskan Yellow Warbler.

Dendroica æstiva rubiginosa (Pallas).

An abundant summer resident throughout the Province, from Rocky

Mountains to the Pacific.

316. Myrtle Warbler.

Dendroica coronata (Linn.).

An abundant summer resident on Vancouver Island and Mainland, chiefly west of Cascades. Rare at Metlakatla. (Rev. J. H. Keen.) Okanagan. (Brooks).

317. Audubon's Warbler.

Dendroica auduboni (Towns.).

An abundant summer resident throughout the Province, Vancouver Island and Mainland east to Rocky Mountains.

318. Magnolia Warbler.

Dendroica maculosa (Gmel.).

Okanagan, 1898 (Rhoads).

319. Black-throated Gray Warbler.

Dendroica nigrescens (Towns.).

Not common. A summer resident west of Cascades, but chiefly along the

Coast. Taken at Chilliwhack (Brooks).

320. Townsend's Warbler.

Dendroica townsendi (Townsend.).

Not common, but found distributed throughout the Province, chiefly west of Cascades, including Vancouver Island and Queen Charlotte Islands.

321. Hermit Warbler. Western Warbler.

Dendroica occidentalis (Townsend).

A summer resident, chiefly west of Cascade Range.

SEIURUS Swainson.

322. Grinnell's Water-thrush.

Seiurus noveboracensis notabilis (Ridgw.).

Taken at Ducks, C. P. R., by Clark P. Streator, August 7th, 1889.

Taken at Quesnel, August 30th, 1900, by A. C. Brooks.

GEOTHLYPIS Cabanis.

323. Macgillivray's Warbler.

Geothlypis tolmiei (Towns.).

A common summer resident throughout the Province, Vancouver Island and

Mainland.

324. Western Yellow-throat.

Geothlypis trichas occidentalis (Brewst.).

A common summer resident throughout the Province.

325. Pacific Yellow-throat.

Geothlypis trichas arizela (Oberh.)

Summer resident in the southern portion of Mainland and Vancouver

Island.

ICTERIA Vieillot.

326. Long-tailed Chat.

Icteria virens longicauda (Lawr.).

Summer resident in the southern portions of the Province, from Sumas east to Okanagan, south of Ashcroft.

WILSONIA Bonaparte.

327. Wilson's Warbler.

Wilsonia pusilla (Wils.).

Vancouver Island and Mainland, east and west of Cascades. S. N.

Rhoads, 1892 (Fannin.)

328. Pileolated Warbler.

Wilsonia pusilla pileolata (Pall.).

A common summer resident on Vancouver Island and Mainland.

329. Golden Pileolated Warbler.

Wilsonia pusilla chryseola (Ridgw.).

A summer resident, New Westminster and Mount Lehman.

SETOPHAGA Swainson.

330. American Redstart.

Setophaga ruticilla (Linn.).

Found through the interior of the Province, from Barkerville south to Okanagan, chiefly east of, and accidentally west of, Cascades. Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

Family MOTACILLIDÆ. Wagtails and Pipits.

ANTHUS Bechstein.

331. American Pipit.

Anthus pensilvanicus (Lath.).

Very abundant during migration, east and west of Cascades. Found throughout some winters on Vancouver Island.

Family CINCLIDÆ. Dippers.

CINCLUS Bechstein.

332. American Dipper.

Cinclus mexicanus (Swains.).

Common throughout the Province in suitable localities.

Family TROGLODYTIDÆ. Wrens.

GALEOSCOPTES Cabanis.

333. Catbird.

Galeoscoptes carolinensis (Linn.).

A common summer resident east and west of Cascades. Rare on Vancouver

Island.

SALPINCTES Cabanis.

334. Rock Wren.

Salpinctes obsoletus (Say.).

Common east of Cascades, rarely west to the Coast.

Chilliwhack. (Brooks.) Burrard Inlet. (Fannin.)

THRYOMANES Sclater.

335. Vigor's Wren.

Thryomanes bewickii spilurus (Vig.).

A common summer resident west of Cascades. Found throughout the winter on Vancouver Island.

TROGLODYTES Vieillot.

336. Parkman's Wren.

Troglodytes aëdon parkmanii (Aud.).

A common summer resident east and west of Cascades, including

Vancouver Island.

OLBIORCHILUS Oberholser.

337. Western Winter Wren.

Olbiorchilus hiemalis pacificus (Baird).

An abundant resident east and west of Cascades, including Vancouver

Island.

TELMATODYTES Cabanis.

338. Tule Wren.

Telmatodytes palustris paludicola (Baird).

Abundant east of Cascades, from the lakes along the Cariboo Road, south through the Okanagan. Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

Family CERTHIIDÆ. Creepers.

CERTHIA Linnæus.

339. Rocky Mountain Creeper.

Certhia familiaris montana (Ridgw.).

Southern portion of east of Cascades. Okanagan.

340. California Creeper.

Certhia familiaris occidentalis (Ridgw.).

Common on Vancouver Island. East and west of Cascades on the Mainland.

Family SITTIDÆ. Nuthatches.

SITTA Linnæus.

341. Slender-billed Nuthatch.

Sitta carolinensis aculeata (Cass.).

Common east of Cascades, from Ashcroft south through the Okanagan. I found it quite common near Shuswap, May, 1895.

342. Red-breasted Nuthatch.

Sitta canadensis (Linn.).

Common east and west of Cascades. Found throughout the winter on

Vancouver Island.

343. Pygmy Nuthatch.

Sitta pygmæa (Vig.).

East of Cascades, in the south-eastern portions of the Province. I found it fairly common at Grand Prairie, May, 1895.

Family PARIDÆ. Titmice or Chickadees.

PARUS Linnæus.

344. Long-tailed Chickadee.

Parus atricapillus septentrionalis (Harris.).

Common east of Cascades, from Cornwall's south to Okanagan.

345. Oregon Chickadee.

Parus atricapillus occidentalis (Baird.).

A common resident west of Cascades.

346. Mountain Chickadee.

Parus gambeli (Ridgw.).

East of Cascades to Rocky Mountains, and south through Okanagan.

347. Columbia Chickadee.

Parus hudsonicus columbianus (Rhoads).

East of Cascades to Rocky Mountains, from Cassiar District south to

Okanagan.

348. Chestnut-backed Chickadee.

Parus rufescens (Towns.).

An abundant resident chiefly west of Cascades. Vancouver Island and

Queen Charlotte Islands. Taken at Arrow Lake by A. C. Brooks.

Family CHAMÆIDÆ. Wren, Tits and Bush-Tits.

PSALTRIPARUS Bonaparte.

349. Least Bush-tit.

Psaltriparus minimus (Towns.).

Rare. Taken at Sumas, November 25, 1899, by A. C. Brooks.

Family SYLVIIDÆ. Warblers. Kinglets.

REGULUS Cuvier.

350. Western Golden-crowned Kinglet.

Regulus satrapa olivaceus (Baird).

Abundant throughout the Province.

351. Ruby-crowned Kinglet.

Regulus calendula (Linn.).

Abundant throughout the Province.

Family TURDIDÆ. Thrushes, Solitaires and Bluebirds.

MYADESTES Swainson.

352. Townsend's Solitaire.

Myadestes townsendii (Aud.).

Not common. Found east and west of Cascades, including Vancouver

Island.

HYLOCICHLA Baird.

353. Willow Thrush.

Hylocichla fuscescens salicicola (Ridgw.).

A common summer resident east of Cascades.

354. Russet-backed Thrush.

Hylocichla ustulata (Nutt.).

A common summer resident west of Cascades. Very common on Queen

Charlotte Islands, July, 1895.

355. Olive-backed Thrush.

Hylocichla ustulata swainsoni (Cab.).

Southern portion of Mainland east of Cascades.

356. Alaska Hermit Thrush.

Hylocichla guttata (Pallas).

West of Cascades, chiefly coastwise. Common at Skidegate, Queen

Charlotte Islands, August, 1895.

357. Audubon's Hermit Thrush.

Hylocichla guttata auduboni (Baird).

Southern portions of the Province, east of Cascades to Rocky

Mountains.

MERULA Leach.

358. American Robin.

Merula migratoria (Linn.).

Both forms are to be found on Vancouver Island. Taken at Chilliwhack by A. C. Brooks.

359. Western Robin.

Merula migratoria propinqua (Ridgw.).

An abundant resident throughout the Province.

IXOREUS Bonaparte.

360. Varied Thrush.

Ixoreus nævius (Gmel.).

Common throughout the Province, east and west of Cascades.

SIALIA Swainson.

361. Western Bluebird.

Sialia mexicana occidentalis (Towns.).

A common summer resident east and west of Cascades. A few winter on

Vancouver Island.

362. Mountain Bluebird.

Sialia arctica (Swains.).

A summer resident east and west of Cascades, including Vancouver

Island.

INDEX.

A.

No.

Albatross, Black-footed 35

Albatross, Short-tailed 36

Auklet, Rhinoceros 12

Auklet, Cassin's 13

B.

Bittern, American 88

Blackbird, Yellow-headed 244

Blackbird, San Diego Redwing 245

Blackbird, North-western 246

Blackbird, Rusty 249

Blackbird, Brewer's 250

Bluebird, Western 361

Bluebird, Mountain 362

Bobolink 242

Brant 82

Brant, Black 83

Bunting, Lazuli 294

Bush-tit, Least 349

C.

Catbird 333

Chat, Long-tailed 326

Chickadee, Long-tailed 344

Chickadee, Oregon 345

Chickadee, Mountain 346

Chickadee, Columbia 347

Chickadee, Chestnut-backed 348

Cormorant, White-crested 43

Cormorant, Brandt's 44

Cormorant, Violet-green 45

Cowbird 243

Coot, American 96

Crane, Little Brown 92

Crane, Sandhill 93

Creeper, Rocky Mountain 339

Creeper, California 340

Crow, American 238

Crow, Northwest 239

Crossbill, American 255

Crossbill, White-winged 256

Cuckoo, Western Yellow-billed 188

Curlew, Long-billed 122

Curlew, Hudsonian 123

D.

Dipper, American 332

Dove, Mourning 148

Dowitcher, Long-billed 101

Duck, Mallard 51

Duck, Gadwall 52

Duck, European Widgeon 53

Duck, American Widgeon 54

Duck, Green-winged Teal 55

Duck, Blue-winged Teal 56

Duck, Cinnamon Teal 57

Duck, Shoveller 58

Duck, Pintail 59

Duck, Wood 60

Duck, Red-head 61

Duck, Canvas-back 62

Duck, American Scaup 63

Duck, Lesser Scaup 64

Duck, Ring-necked 65

Duck, American Golden-eye 66

Duck, Barrow's Golden-rye 67

Duck, Buffle-head 68

Duck, Long-tailed 69

Duck, Harlequin 70

Duck, American Black Scoter 71

Duck, White-winged Scoter 72

Duck, Surf Scoter 73

Duck, Ruddy 74

E.

Eagle, Golden 160

Eagle, Bald 161

F.

Falcon, Prairie 163

Falcon, Peale's 165

Finch, California Purple 253

Finch, Cassin's Purple 254

Flycatcher, Olive-sided 221

Flycatcher, Western 223

Flycatcher, Traill's 224

Flycatcher, Hammond's 225

Flycatcher, Wright's 226

Flicker, Northern 205

Flicker, Red-shafted 206

Flicker, North-western 207

Fulmar, Pacific 37

G.

Godwit, Marbled 112

Goose, Lesser Snow 75

Goose, Ross's Snow 76

Goose, American White-fronted 77

Goose, Canada 78

Goose, Hutchin's 79

Goose, White-cheeked 80

Goose, Cackling 81

Goose, Emperor 84

Goldfinch, American 261

Goldfinch, Willow 262

Grebe, Western 1

Grebe, American Red-necked 2

Grebe, Horned 3

Grebe, American Eared 4

Grebe, Pied-billed 5

Grouse, Sooty 134

Grouse, Richardson's 135

Grouse, Franklin's 136

Grouse, Canadian Ruffed 137

Grouse, Gray Ruffed 138

Grouse, Oregon Ruffed 139

Grouse, Columbian Sharp-tailed 143

Grouse, Sage 144

Grosbeak, Western Evening 251

Grosbeak, Alaskan Pine 252

Grosbeak, Black-headed 293

Guillemot, Pigeon 16

Gull, Ivory 21

Gull, Glaucous-winged 23

Gull, Western 24

Gull, American 25

Gull, California 26

Gull, Ring-billed 27

Gull, Short-billed 28

Gull, Heermann's 29

Gull, Bonaparte's 30

Gull, Sabine's 31

Gyrfalcon 162

H.

Hawk, Marsh 151

Hawk, Sharp-shinned 152

Hawk, Cooper's 153

Hawk, American Goshawk 154

Hawk, Western Goshawk 155

Hawk, Western Red-tailed 156

Hawk, Red-bellied 157

Hawk, Swainson's 158

Hawk, American Rough-legged 159

Hawk, Duck 164

Hawk, Pigeon 166

Hawk, Desert Sparrow 169

Heron, Great Blue 89

Heron, North-west Coast 90

Heron, Snowy 91

Hummingbird, Black-chinned 213

Hummingbird, Red-backed Rufous 214

Hummingbird, Green-backed Rufous 215

Hummingbird, Calliope 216

I.

Ibis, White-faced Glossy 87

J.

Jaeger, Parasitic 19

Jaeger, Pomarine 18

Jaeger, Long-tailed 20

Jay, Steller's 231

Jay, Black-headed 232

Jay, Queen Charlotte 233

Jay, Rocky Mountain 234

Jay, Oregon 235

Jay, Gray 236

Jay, Piñon 241

Junco, Slate-colored 282

Junco, Oregon 283

Junco, Shufeldt's 284

K.

Kittiwake, Pacific 22

Kingfisher, Belted 189

Kingbird 217

Kingbird, Gray 218

Kingbird, Arkansas 219

Kinglet, Western Golden-crowned 350

Kinglet, Ruby-crowned 351

Knot 103

L.

Lark, Pallid Horned 227

Lark, Streaked Horned 228

Lark, Dusky Horned 229

Lencosticte, Gray-crowned 257

Lencosticte, Hepburn's 258

Longspur, Lapland 266

Longspur, McCown's 267

Loon, Great Northern Diver 6

Loon, Black-throated 7

Loon, Pacific 8

Loon, Red-throated 9

M.

Martin, Purple 296

Magpie, American 230

Meadowlark, Western 247

Merlin, Black 167

Merlin, Richardson's 168

Merganser, American 48

Merganser, Red-breasted 49

Merganser, Hooded 50

Murrelet, Ancient 14

Murrelet, Marbled 15

Murre, California 17

N.

Nighthawk 207

Nighthawk, Western 208

Nutcracker, Clarke's 240

Nuthatch, Slender-billed 341

Nuthatch, Red-breasted 342

Nuthatch, Pygmy 343

O.

Oriele, Bullock's 248

Osprey, American 170

Owl, American Long-eared 171

Owl, Short-eared 172

Owl, Northern Spotted 173

Owl, Great Gray 174

Owl, Richardson's 175

Owl, Saw-whet 176

Owl, North-West Saw-whet 176A

Owl, Kennicott's Screech 177

Owl, Macfarlane's Screech 178

Owl, Great Horned 179

Owl, Western Horned 180

Owl, Arctic Horned 181

Owl, Dusky Horned 182

Owl, Snowy 183

Owl, American Hawk 184

Owl, Burrowing 185

Owl, Pygmy 186

Owl, California Pygmy 187

Oyster-catcher, Black 131

P.

Partridge, Mountain 132

Partridge, California 133

Pelican, American White 46

Pelican, California Brown 47

Petrel, Gray Fork-tailed 41

Petrel, Leach's 42

Pewee, Western Wood 222

Phalarope, Red 97

Phalarope, Northern 98

Phalarope, Wilson's 99

Pheasant, Ring-necked 145

Phoebe, Say's 220

Pigeon, Band-tailed 146

Pigeon, Passenger 147

Pipit, American 331

Plover, American Golden 125

Plover, Black-bellied 124

Plover, Killdeer 126

Plover, Semipalmated 127

Poor-Will 208

Ptarmigan, Willow 140

Ptarmigan, Rock 141

Ptarmigan, White-tailed 142

Puffin, Tufted 10

Puffin, Horned 11

R.

Rail, Virginia 94

Rail, Carolina 95

Raven, Northern 237

Redpoll, Hoary 259

Redpoll 260

Redstart, American 330

Robin, American 358

Robin, Western 359

S.

Sanderling 111

Sandpiper, Stilt 102

Sandpiper, Sharp-tailed 104

Sandpiper, Pectoral 105

Sandpiper, Baird's 106

Sandpiper, Least 107

Sandpiper, Red-backed 108

Sandpiper, Semipal mated 109

Sandpiper, Western Semipalmated 110

Sandpiper, Solitary 115

Sandpiper, Western Solitary 116

Sandpiper, Bartramian 119

Sandpiper, Buff-breasted 120

Sandpiper, Spotted 121

Sapsucker, Red-naped 200

Sapsucker, Red-breasted 201

Sapsucker, Williamson's 202

Shrike, Northern 305

Shrike, White-rumped 306

Shearwater, Black-vented 38

Shearwater, Dark-bodied 39

Shearwater, Slender-billed 40

Siskin, Pine 263

Snipe, Wilson's 100

Snowflake 265

Solitaire, Townsend's 352

Sparrow, House 264

Sparrow, Western Vesper 268

Sparrow, Oregon Vesper 269

Sparrow, Sandwick 270

Sparrow, Western Savanna 271

Sparrow, Western Grasshopper 272

Sparrow, Western Lark 273

Sparrow, Harris's 274

Sparrow, Gambel's 275

Sparrow, Nuttall's 276

Sparrow, Golden-crowned 277

Sparrow, Western Tree 278

Sparrow, Western Chipping 279

Sparrow, Clay-colored 280

Sparrow, Brewer's 281

Sparrow, Rusty Song 285

Sparrow, Sooty Song 286

Sparrow, Lincoln's 287

Sparrow, Forbush's 288

Sparrow, Townsend's 289

Sparrow, Slate-coloured 290

Surf-bird 128

Swan, Whistling 85

Swan, Trumpeter 86

Swallow, Cliff 297

Swallow, Barn 298

Swallow, White-bellied 299

Swallow, Northern violet-green 300

Swallow, Bank 301

Swallow, Rough-winged 302

Swift, Black 211

Swift, Vaux 212

T.

Tanager, Louisaria 295

Tatler, Wandering 118

Tern, Common 32

Tern, Arctic 33

Tern, Black 34

Thrush, Willow 353

Thrush, Russet-backed 354

Thrush, Olive-backed 355

Thrush, Alaska Hermit 356

Thrush, Audubon's 357

Thrush, Varied 360

Towhee, Spurred 291

Towhee, Oregon 292

Turnstone 129

Turnstone, Black 130

V.

Vireo, Red-eyed 307

Vireo, Western Warbling 308

Vireo, Cassin's 309

Vireo, Anthony's 310

Vulture, California 149

Vulture, Turkey 150

W.

Warbler, Calaver's 311

Warbler, Orange-crowned 312

Warbler, Lutescent 313

Warbler, Tennessee 314

Warbler, Alaskan Yellow 315

Warbler, Myrtle 316

Warbler, Audubon's 317

Warbler, Magnolia 318

Warbler, Black-throated Gray 319

Warbler, Townsend's 320

Warbler, Macgillivray's 323

Warbler, Hermit 321

Warbler, Western Yellow-throat 324

Warbler, Pacific Yellow-throat 325

Warbler, Wilson's 327

Warbler, Pileolated 328

Warbler, Golden Pileolated 329

Water-thrush, Grinnell's 322

Waxwing, Bohemian 303

Waxwing, Cedar 304

Willett, Western 117

Woodpecker, Northern Hairy 190

Woodpecker, Harris's 191

Woodpecker, Cabanis's 192

Woodpecker, Queen Charlotte 193

Woodpecker, Gairdner's 194

Woodpecker, Batchelder's 195

Woodpecker, White-headed 196

Woodpecker, Black-backed Three-toed 197

Woodpecker, Alaskan Three-toed 198

Woodpecker, Alpine Three-toed 199

Woodpecker, Northern Pileated 203

Woodpecker, Lewis's 204

Wren, Rock 334

Wren, Vigor's 335

Wren, Parkman's 336

Wren, Western Winter 337

Wren, Tule 338

Y.

Yellow-legs, Greater 113

Yellow-legs, Lesser 114

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Table of Contents

PREFACE.

INDEX.

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE